The intersection of S Stoughton Rd E Buckeye Rd in Madison, Wisconsin Free Essay Example, 1500 words

Finally, although the initial construction cost of this design alternative may be higher, it offers significantly lower maintenance and operating costs in the long term as compared to the conventional signalized intersections such as the one currently being used at intersection of S Stoughton Rd & E Buckeye Rd in Madison. Fig 2: The proposed modern roundabout design for the Intersection Design alternative 2 Another important design alternative would be to improve the design of this intercession using block guidelines. These guidelines promote orderly redevelopment capable of reinforcing the natural setting whilst highlighting the significance of the landscape and promoting a stronger design at the gateway leading to the corridor. To actualize this, the involved engineers might need to develop a Frontage Landscape Zone featuring consistent quality plus materials intended to implement landscape connections in the middle of the properties in addition to helping to enhance the natural setting. As a move to reduce congestion, the pedestrian paths plus the parking areas around the intercession should be cleared. In particular, the building entries and the sidewalks need to be properly designed then marked in order to create a more satisfactory pedestrian environment. We will write a custom essay sample on The intersection of S Stoughton Rd & E Buckeye Rd in Madison, Wisconsin or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/pageorder now At the same time the design may alternative may also entail errecting bill boards for southbound and northbound traffic to alarm the drivers about the speed limit and the permissible space between moving vehicles. The bill boards need to bear self-explanatory messages and pictures that are aimed at warning divers about over speeding. Such a constant reminder will hopefully be a good tool to instill some additional sense of responsibility within the drivers thus the move has a higher likelihood of minimizing the number of road crashes around this intersection (Washington 236). Finally, Planters, bridges and walls along the Stoughton road also need to be designed in order to improve the section’s visibility. Examples of approaches that can be used to highlight this area’s strength alongside reinforcing its identity include the use of public art, vegetation and materials. Design Alternative 3 The intersection’s design could also be improved by increasing the width of the whole roadway up to 6 lanes then constructing the Stoughton-based overpasses and interchanges in a fashion that bears a close association with those at Buckeye (Washington 236). Even if the road is made to bear shoulders that are wide enough to permit safe traffic stops, heightened traffic volumes at peak times combined with the traffic stop features the potential of creating more dangers whilst drivers get distracted.

1984 - In the face of pain there are no heroes - 888 Words

â€Å"In the face of pain there are no heroes† George Orwell’s 1984 is a brilliant commentary on the dangers of totalitarianism, mind control, technology and both physical and psychological manipulation. The novel’s protagonist, Winston Smith, is a very pensive and curious man. He is desperate to uncover the roots behind the twisted caste system that has been set in place by an organization called the Party. The Party demonstrates absolute control over every aspect of life in Oceania (formerly London). They are a totalitarian organization using language as a mind control device as well as psychological and physical intimidation and manipulation in order to keep its citizens, or effectively its slaves, in line. One thing always holds true†¦show more content†¦He goes to unbelievable lengths in order to rebel against the Party. He commits various crimes throughout the book ranging from simply writing, â€Å"Down with Big Brother† in is illegal diary to having a forbidden love affair with a woman named Julia and everything in between. He even gets himself accepted into the anti-Party brotherhood. However, it is only through the great efforts that Winston goes through carrying out his rebellion that the true effect of the power of the party can be seen. The beginning of the parties control stems from their ability to use language as a mind control device. In Oceania, â€Å"if you want to keep a secret, you must also hide it from yourself.† The Party implements a new language called â€Å"Newspeak† which simply eliminates any potentially disloyal words from the vocabulary. Orwell uses this to illustrate the point that language is the most crucial part in the generation of unique and original human thought. Without language, the formation of thought is nearly impossible. Even the conceptualization of an idea questioning the Party’s absolute power is made impossible by Newspeak. Therein lies another issue; once the Party controls language they have the ability to exercise psychological and physical intimidation and manipulation over the society. Winston comes to a terrifying realization, nothing is worse than physical pain, â€Å"for after all, how do we know that two and two make four? Or, that they force of gravity works? Or that theyShow MoreRelatedWinston Doomed to Fail?1175 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿Winston: A Character Doomed to Fail Failure, a concept most people are familiar of, often refers to the inability to perform a particular action or finish a certain task. In the novel 1984 by George Orwell, the protagonist Winston Smith dreams to overthrow â€Å"The Party† and live in â€Å"the place without darkness†. However, he suffered the fate of being tortured and brainwashed eventually. Many readers perceive Winston as a tragic hero who valiantly tries but fails to rebel against the â€Å"Big Brother†Read MoreCriticism on George Orwells 1984869 Words   |  4 Pagescreated by society in order to imprison its dreamers. It is often usual to lock up critics of cruel commands, because creative people can be dangerous to totalitarian control. The critical essay â€Å"George Orwell and the Mad World: The Anti-Universe of 1984† by Ralph A. Ranald discusses the theme of controlled madness and of a reverse society in George Orwell’s Nineteen Eighty-Four. Ranald argues that Nineteen E ighty-Four is about â€Å"†¦religion reversed, law and government reversed, and above all, languageRead MoreThe Theme Of 1984 By George Orwell842 Words   |  4 Pagessocialize and connect with friends and family. In the dystopian novel, 1984 by George Orwell, Winston Smith lives under the control of Oceania’s government called the Party. The citizens of Oceania are dehumanized and have no privacy under the Party’s control. Winston rebels against the Party to bring back the original past of mankind. It can be inferred that the theme of 1984 is to fight for what you believe in. The theme of 1984 by George Orwell is to fight for what you believe in. According to OrwellRead MoreAnalysis Of George Orwell s The Great Gatsby 1370 Words   |  6 PagesThe shine of light on a world that could have been full of communism and corruption, if the crisis was never taken down. 1984 is a presentation of Orwell’s definition of dystopia and was meant as a warning to those of the modern era. His warning has great potential because this book was written during the rise of communism. Orwell has specifically warned us about the danger of a government having control over everything that happens in the state and he achieves this by using language in motifs andRead MoreAnalysis Of George Orwell s Brave New World 1769 Words   |  8 Pages Totalitarianism diminishes the idea of individuality and replaces it with controlled and collective thinking, enforced by government officials. In George Orwell’s 1984, totalitarianism is demonstrated by the complete control o f the superstate, Oceania, by the elite over every single citizen. Totalitarianism can also be seen in Brave New World by Aldous Huxley, in which humans are synthetically made and conditioned for their predestined purpose on earth. The lack of individualism will lead a communityRead MoreGeorge Orwell s 1984 Chunks2697 Words   |  11 PagesMeesha Hussain LA 10 HONORS Summer Assignment George Orwell’s 1984 Chunks Section 1- 1. The three slogans of the party are â€Å"WAR IS PEACE, FREEDOM IS SLAVERY, IGNORANCE IS STRENGTH†, (Orwell, 7). At first glance, these slogans would appear absurd but after further investigation they ironically couldn’t be more true. War is Peace means that while the country is at war the people’s attention is diverted from seeing the corruption of the government. Nobody rebels against the government because theyRead More The War Poems of Wilfred Owen - Contradicting the Classical Ideas of Heroism and Romanticism3263 Words   |  14 Pageshave crazed him, nor the Hun (13-15).†Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Dreams are the only escape for the deadbeat soldier. Reality equals death. Pain is in existence and the pangs of murder rip up the throats of the prayer-less men, like toxic acid from Satan’s belly. Life is but a savage beast and its harpoon is sleep. In consciousness they have to deal with the bitter realities of war; pain and memories, the latter being the strongest. In this eternal dream all is at peace and harsh memories are discarded. A soldierRead More Christian and Pagan Influence in Paradise Lost and Beowulf Essay4093 Words   |  17 Pagesreaders greatness and originality (Abrams 1476). Paradise Lost, however, is not the first epic to integrate both Christian and traditional epic conventions. The Beowulf poet followed this form as well, drawing on pagan epic tradition for kings, heroes, and monsters while drawing on new Christian beliefs to present these characters as noble, in possession of the natural knowledge of God, willing to battle his enemies on earth, and therefore capable of redemption. Thus, I agree with John D. NilesRead MoreCritics of Novel 1984 by George Orwell14914 Words   |  60 Pages1984 In George Orwells 1984, Winston Smith wrestles with oppression in Oceania, a place where the Party scrutinizes human actions with ever-watchful Big Brother. Defying a ban on individuality, Winston dares to express his thoughts in a diary and pursues a relationship with Julia. These criminal deeds bring Winston into the eye of the opposition, who then must reform the nonconformist. George Orwells 1984 introduced the watchwords for life without freedom: BIG BROTHER IS WATCHING YOU. WrittenRead More Effects of War Exposed in All Quite on the Western Front, Bury the Dead, and Paths of Glory2020 Words   |  9 PagesEffects of War Exposed in All Quite on the Western Front, Bury the Dead, and Paths of Glory      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   From the happy expression on their faces you might have supposed that they welcomed the war. I have met with men who loved stamps, and stones, and snakes, but I could not imagine any man loving war. Margot Asquith revealed her discontent with war in this quote. War is defined in the American Heritage Dictionary as a concerted effort or campaign to combat or put an end to something considered

Reforms in Aged Care Australian Government

Question: Discuss about theReforms in Aged Carefor Australian Government. Answer: Introduction Aged health care is an important concern Australian Government. The workforce involved in the care of aged people play an important role in maintaining the health of many aged people in Australia. The development of skilful and qualified work force is must for the establishing the smooth functioning of the health care industry dedicated for supporting the lives of old age people in Australia. (Myagedcare, 2015). The main aim of this paper is to recognise the issues rising in the care settings of the old age people related to the workforce. The development of the industry lies in maintaining the workforce number through new recruitments and retaining the present work force. To improvise the present condition, it is necessary to have proper management strategies and good training packages to attract people towards joining the workforce. The sustainable management of the industry involves identifying the issues, strategies to improve the condition. Aged People in Australia There are several care facilities given by the care organisations of Australia. These facilities focus on the requirements of every citizen and are dedicated to provide the best care to all. Mainly two types of care facilities are presented by the Australian government to the older citizens: Residential care and community based care for aged people. Generally people opt for the community based care and then move ahead for the residential care settings. (AIHW, 2016). Residential care settings aims at providing the care facilities to the old people who care requirement cannot be fully accomplished in their homes. To meet the care demands and needs of such people, accommodation with all the required facilities are set up and the old age people are accommodated to these settings. The aged care organisations are determined to provide proper, required and easy to access care facilities for the old age people. (DSS, 2014). These organisations are formed to provide care facilities to the cit izens above 65 years of age. They also meet the needs of the disable people along with the old age in both residential and community care settings. The main priority of the organisation is to provide the person centric care to the old age citizens. The funds are provided by the Australian government to allow proper functioning of the care systems. Two Types of Care Facility As mentioned there are two types of care plans offered to the aged people in Australia: the residential care and the community based care. Community based care- People are shifting to community based care from residential care as per the new data by the AIHW (2016). As per the June 2013 reports the number of community based care centres subsidised by the Australian government have risen from 20% to 25% in the last five years which show that people are more inclined towards the care which is based in the homely atmosphere. This is going to increase in the coming years and probably will be 1 out of 3 in the aged care organisations by the year 2025. Around 57,000 people were recorded to prefer community based care where 2 in 3 were women and 2 out of 5 were aged above 85 years of age. There are two types of community based care plans which offer community based care to the aged people in Australia from 2015: The commonwealth home support programme (CHSP) and the Home care packages programmes. (AIHW, 2016) The common wealth home support system has been in action from 1st July 2015. It is formulated to assist the old age peo ple in daily life to be self dependent. The home care packages programmes are designed to provide the care to old age people in complex, well coordinated manner to meet the higher care needs of these people. The community based care programmes comprises of community aged care package (CACP), extended care programmes and extended care home programme dementia working to provide the care as per the needs of the individual. The aged care assessment team analyse the eligibility of the individual to provide the program which are best suited for them. Residential care system- It comprises of two types of care facilities which include permanent residential aged care and respite residential care. (Department of health, 2016). The permanent residential care is mainly for the people who cannot be served in the community level of care services. It is provided in high or low level of care, depending upon the needs of the individual. The care is provided considering the health condition of the individual in every respect. In high care facilities, nursing care is provided for 24 hours every day whereas in low level of care the individual needs accommodation and care. In respite residential care the care is short term with an emergency care facility to those old age people who opt for community based but they require residential care for some time. Work Force in Aged Care in Australia The data recorded from 1996 to 2001 shows that the workforce has shown a growth by 12% and from 2001 to 2006 it has grown by 23%. The standard workforce is determined by the number of worker per capita depending upon the previous history of changes in the demography, technological advancement in the health care, the entry and exit of the workers in comparison to the other countries, the working hours, early retirement and occurrence of diseases. (Scott, 2009). The number of workers in the residential care settings was around 202,344 in 2012. The number of community care in 2012 was recorded to be around 149,801. (King et al, 2013). Crisis in Workforce of Australia With change of time the aged care setting are changing. The present care settings are required to be more flexible, low cost, sustainable, giving opportunity to the investors and providing various career opportunities to the people. The major focus is to develop client based care settings to the people. (Commonwealth of Australia, 2016). The workforce involved in the health of Australian aged people consist worker strength of around 216,300 in the residential care settings. Around 356,500 workers were reported to be working for the care of disable, children and the providing social assistance to the people. (Australia Bureau of Statistics, 2013). Out of these workers around 80% include women mainly working as part time workers. There is shortage of workers willing to work in this sector and lesser number of workers willing to stay in the field. If this continues the number of health care worker would reduce by 100,000 workers by 2025. Owing to the rising number of aged people in the resident care in Australia, the department of health and ageing in Australia reported that more number of health care workforce is needed for the care of old age people. This requires around 2 to 3 time higher number of workers compared to the present number in the year 2050. (Productivity commission, 2011). Also it noted that the condition of the aged care centres is in poor condition. There are problems to retain and recruit workers in this industry. (Department of health and ageing, 2013). The Australian government introduced a workforce compact in the 2012- 13 budgets, to provide benefits to the worker working in this field like increasing their wages. The new formed removed this policy and this proved to be a discouraging move improving the work force condition involved in the health care of aged people in Australia. The new government found the lack of funds in paying the higher wages to the workers. The decision had a mixed impact on the Australian unions groups. (Harrington Jolly, 2016). Effect of the Crisis The work force crisis and the ageing health care industry are creating many hurdles in maintaining the good health of the old age citizens of Australia. The poor management of this crisis could lead to the decline of the industry and will raise the dissatisfaction among the workers. It is estimated that the number of old age citizen having age of 65 and above will rise. The rise would be around 7.2 million from 2.8 million by the year 2047. As the number of old citizens is increasing the various cultural communities, the situation will increase the cultural diversity in Australian population of the overseas born elder groups. (2C risk, 2013). The issues related with aged workforce include the change of place, climate and the culture. The workers migrated from other countries need good support and training. Developing skills for good management and leadership quality in the workers is also required. The workers who work in the rural and remote areas require more support and better rem uneration. The health of the aboriginals is already poor compared to the other population groups in Australia. (AIHW, 2014). This is evident from the fact that most of the aboriginal people die at early ages. They mostly do not reach the old age. The life expectancy of aboriginal male and female is 56.9 and 61.7 respectively. Around 12% of the Australian population belong to the age group of 65 years and above. In this the indigenous people account for only 3%. (McIntosh Phillips, 2003). The common problem in the health care facilities is determining the health hazards while working in the residential and community based care. The ability of the workers to deal with the exposure to health affects the will to work in the industry. This gives rise to higher number absentees in the workforce, claims for compensation, health hazards that will reduce the work period of the worker leading to the mature retirement. The number of workers in the residential care services showed that around 54% of the s ettings were 1 or 2 on work cover. (ABS, 2011). The common injuries reported included strains and sprains, the superficial injuries on the body, muscle injury or chronic joint problems and stress or other mental abnormalities. The probable reasons for the injury are heavy weight lifting, pulling and pushing, being hit by an object or vehicle and due to constant movement. Strategies to Overcome the Crisis There is unremitting and efficient growth in the health care industry in the previous years, yet the need of getting qualified and well skilled worker in the industry for the care of old age people is a major issue. (Kelly, 2014). The recruitment and retention of workers to meet the future need also is a major concern. To improve the condition of the industry many new strategies have to be implemented. The growing changes in both community aged care settings and residential care settings require many new reforms to overcome the new challenges. As per the report from OECD, the Australian government is considering lesser number of reforms and strategies to overcome the crisis in comparison to the other countries. (Chomik MacLennan, 2014). To overcome the crisis the strategic approach should be - improve the pay wages which will attract the workers. -create and formulate the work to get more productivity from the workers. -enhance the support and coordination with better training to determine good quality services and remove the complications faced by the workers. - set up a ministry which can develop new plans and develop reforms which can offer new career opportunities in the industry. Development of technologies and better work place policies will improve the condition. - provide a better learning culture in the workers. - have a good management to satisfy the workforce requirement - Development of good training in regards to the varied cultural diversity of Australia. - promoting recruitments from other countries. (National aged care alliance, 2012). The planning in field requires meeting all the mentioned point in order to improve the condition of this industry. The lack of proper planning is evident from the sinking condition. The proper estimation of the required number with the better scenario analysis is required. The strategies should be made by comparing the current situation. Neglecting the problems of the workforce will pose a threat to the development of the industry. Owing to the current need, if the productivity is improved the burden of recruitment could be decreased to some extent. The lack of effective measures to enhance the productivity is a major hindrance in the determination of the output by health workforce. Promotion of researches to acknowledge the major issues faced by the work force in regards to retention or leaving the industry will help in managing the issues and prepare better plans. A study conducted to determine the factors which affect the workers intention to stay in the job or leave showed that n eed of good supervisor support, better work policies and good employment strategies are some of the major concern in the work force intentions to work for the old people health care. The retention was more in the community care settings by the workers. Age, health of the worker was not the major factor in this study to determine the result. This type of research and study will help in sustaining the quality of health care industry. (Radford Shacklock, 2015). Recruitment and Retention of Nurses The prime issues to focus in regard to improve the recruitment and retention in the aged health care involve low number of individuals in the undergraduate nursing programs and the ageing workforce in nursing. To encourage more recruitment and retention it is important to remove the negative perceptions that the youth regarding this job. They need to be informed with the new possibilities in career and positive perceptions about the old age care. To retain more number of nurses in the field it is important to give them job satisfaction. They should get the required support from the management and various opportunities which can boost their moral to work in this sector. A study conducted by Mbemba et al (2013) to evaluate the required intervention in order to retain and recruit nurses in rural areas shows that economic incentives with support from the management. Better technologies in terms of communication and information would help to increase the workforce. For the study they cond ucted a review involving various literature review examination of scientists in this regard from PUBMED, EMBASE and CINAHL. They described the required interventions which can help retention and recruitment. Following the interventions would prove effective and will bring a change. Conclusion The need of workforce in the care of old age people in Australia is increasing every year. The reason for this is the good quality of life and health of the people which is improving the life expectancy. The rising of aged people seek more number of care providers. The lack of the facility will affect the daily life of the people. To meet this demand enhancement of the care work facility is must. This raises the issues which is causing the insufficient supply of work force in the field. To overcome the issues the causes should be well established. After that the proper measures to remove the issues and generate satisfaction in the work force is must. The work conditions and better opportunities will attract the workers to join the industry. Good management will them to retain the job. Workers are the major factor to establish any industry which is related to care. Ignoring their demands and neglecting them can only lead to the ageing of the industry. This will hamper the growth of th e country and will affect the lives of many people in the country. So it is time to acknowledge the work force condition and demands to make effective improvement in maintaining better facilities of aged health care. References 2 C risk. (2013). Healthy workforce challenges for the aged care sector. Retrieved on 27 October 2016 from www.2CRisk.com.au. ABS. (2011). ABS, labour force, Australia, detailed, quarterly, November 2011. Cat no. 6291.0.55.003. Australian bureau of statistics. (2013). 6291.0.55.003- Labour force, Australia, detailed, quarterly. Retrieved on 27 October 2016 from https://www.abs.gov.au/AUSSTATS/abs@.nsf/DetailsPage/6291.0.55.003May%202013?OpenDocument Australian Government: department of health. (2016). Residential care. Ageing and aged care. Retrieved on 27 October 2016 from https://agedcare.health.gov.au/programs-services/residential-care Australian institute of health and welfare. (2014). Indigenous health. Australias health 2014. Retrieved on 20 October 2016 from https://www.aihw.gov.au/australias-health/2014/indigenous-health/ Australian institute of health and welfare. (2016). Aged care in Australia. AIHW: authoritative information and statistics to promote better health wellbeing. Retrieved on 27 October 2016 from https://www.aihw.gov.au/aged-care/residential-and-community-2011-12/aged-care-in-australia/ Australian Institute of health and welfare. (2016). Aged care. AIHW: authorities information and statistics to promote better health and wellbeing. Retrieved on 27 October 2016 from https://www.aihw.gov.au/aged-care/ Chomik, R., McLennan, M. (2014). Aged care in Australia: part II- industry and practise- CEPAR research brief 2014/02. Kensington, NSW: ARC Centre of excellence in population ageing research. (CEPAR). Commonwealth of Australia. (2016). Ageing and aged care. Australian government: department of health. Retrieved on 27 October 2016 from https://agedcare.health.gov.au/ageing-and-aged-care-aged-care-reform/why-is-aged-care-changing Department of health and ageing. (2013). The aged care workforce, 2012- final report. Australia: department of health and ageing. DSS. (2014). 2013- 2014 report on the operation of the aged care act 1997. Canberra: DSS. Harrington, M Dr. Jolly, R. (2016). The crisis in the caring workforce. Parliament of Australia. Retrieved on 27 October 2016 from https://www.aph.gov.au/About_Parliament/Parliamentary_Departments/Parliamentary_Library/pubs/BriefingBook44p/CaringWorkforce Kelly, J. G. (2014). The aged care workforce in Australia. Aged and community services Australia. Retrieved on 27 October 2016 from https://www.acs.asn.au/wcm/documents/ACS%20Website/Resources/Publications%20Submissions/ACSA%20Submissions%20Documents/ACSA%20Workforce%20White%20Paper%20-%20July%202014.pdf King, D., Wei, Z., Howe, A. (2013). Work satisfaction and intention to leave among direct care workers in community and residential aged care in Australia. Journal of aging social policy, 25(4). 301- 319. Doi: 10.1080/08959420.2013.816166. Mbemba et al. (2013). Interventions for supporting nurse retention in rural and remote areas: an umbrella reviews. Human resources for Health. Doi: 10.1186/1478-4491-11-44. McIntosh, G Phillips, J. (2003). caring for the elderly- an overview of aged care support and services in Australia. Parliament of Australia. Retrieved on 27 October 2016 from https://www.aph.gov.au/About_Parliament/Parliamentary_Departments/Parliamentary_Library/Publications_Archive/archive/agedcare My aged care. (2015). Aged care workforce. Retrieved on 27 October 2016 from https://www.myagedcare.gov.au/about-us/aged-care-workforce National aged care alliance. (2012). Aged care reform series- Workforce. Adelaide: NACA. Productivity commission. (2011). Caring for older Australians. Report no. 53, final inquiry reports. Canberra. Radford, K. Shacklock, K. (2015). Personal care workers in Australian aged care: retention and turnover intentions. Journal of nursing management, 23(5). Doi:10.1111/jonm. 12172. Scott, I. (2009). Health care workforce crisis in Australia: too few or too disabled? Health care reforms, Med J Aust, 190(12). 689- 692.

Business Practices of Woolworths and Wesfarmers

Question: Discuss about the Business Practices of Woolworths and Wesfarmers. Answer: The Australian retail industry is dominated by big game players. There is no chance of a small retail brand to ever grow and prosper in the retail market of Australia. The big brands dominate the entire market with their House products', the products labeled under their brand and exclusively available in their stores only (Gas price regulation for a retail market administrator 2004). The Australian retail market constitutes liquor sales, tobacco, and grocery retail. The big players dominate 60 per cent of the Retail trade, 50 percent of the tobacco trade and 80 per cent of Liquor and vintage alcohol sales. The promotion of their in-house products can be devastating for generic brands. The supermarket brands downgrade and run campaigns against generic brands. The supermarket brands have a huge impact on the flow of liquid cash from the hands of the wealthy to the poor segments. The supermarket brands have also been associated with the tag of highest growing grocery prices in the entir e world. Our brands of Selection for this study The first brand that we have selected for this study and discussion is Woolworths and Wesfarmers. The brand has been dominating the retail trade since its inception. The Coles supermarket brand is owned by Woolworths and Wesfarmers. The Coles has the largest number of grocery retail outlets in entire Australia (Sinapuelas and Robinson 2008). This brand is a common name that we come across each and every day, but we do not pause to think and ponder about the downfall of the economy that this company and its counterparts have brought to our nation. This segment of the industry is dominated by the cash rich and big names who have been major players since their inception. The companies like Coles offer high degrees of resistance to small details and their products by motivating the customers to buy only their products. The second company we have selected for our discussion regarding its ethical pursuance of business is Metcash (AÃ…Â ¾man and GomiÄ ek 2012). Metcash is a company which operates in the distribution and whole selling of grocery and retail. Besides, Metcash operates in the Automotive and luxury car servicing segment. Good business practices of Woolworths and Wesfarmers The company has invested time and effort in agreeing to the policy of good packing and has been playing a key role in up keeping the deals made at the Australian Packaging Covenant signatory. The company has made an excellent reputation in the way they package their product. The company has been an outstanding player in upgrading themselves and their way of packaging to a level of utmost importance. The importance they give for their packaging of the product plays a key role for the customer at the final moment of the choice of buying is made. The company has been involved in many overseas trade agreements with many third world nations (Supply chain technologies – at Woolworths 2003). The commitments have been made regarding direct cooperation to technical knowledge transfer and consultation. The involvements in Bangladesh and Vietnam for direct purchase of their country made cotton and other products. The Uzbek Cotton commitment is one such agreement, the company ahs signed for a direct role in involvement and cooperation. Apart from this; the company has earned the ranking of 67.4 % from the Greenweek rankings. The score is an overall reflection of the environmental commitments and implementation that the company has been engaged in. Criticism and areas of inadequate involvement The Woolworths and Wesfarmers have the largest number of poker machines in Australia. The company earns huge revenue from the sale of chips and gambling (Prospectus for the 1 for 8 Entitlement Offer of approximately 89 million New Wesfarmers Ordinary Shares at an Offer Price of $29.00 per New Wesfarmers Ordinary Share to raise approximately $2.57 billion 2008). The company has been accused many times of robbing the money of its countries' citizens by luring them to earn some money. The customers have complained that they always fail to win money. The company has earned a lot from the sale of poker chips country full. It's time the company makes some effort to stop robbing the people of their hard earned money by stopping these poker centers, and allowing only visitors of other nations to engage in this gambling activity. The Australian legislature can also make some notable changes to stop this trade of poker and gambling. The Nepal government has restrictions in place which bars its countrymen and women from the casinos spread all over the city. The locals are allowed only on the New Years Eve, Christmas and other special days (Prus 2004). The casinos in Nepal are major revenue generators but only at the expense of foreigners. The Australian legislature may take heed of the matter. The company has been criticized by industry experts and public forums for misleading the customers on many matters. The act of negatively influencing the customers has a significant disadvantage for the company and its brand perception. The company often urges the customers in their supermarkets to buy their particular products. This act affects the companies offering generic products or own products a significant loss of revenue and client base. The company has also been fined regarding the above matter. The company we must say has not yet learned to form its mistakes, and continue to embark on its current trend of misleading the consumers. The Coles have been criticized and fined huge amounts by the competent authorities for misconduct and bad behavior towards its customers. The company has had a reputation of mistreating its employees and customers on the premises and various grounds. There have been police investigations on many matters. The company has also been charged with a fine for anticompetitive product and conduct. There might be individual rivalries among many business groups, but the company has been fined for negative conduct. The company earns huge revenue from the direct sale of tobacco and alcohol. The company owned and operated about two-thirds of the total alcohol sales (Paynter and Edwards 2009). The negative health impact the company creates by promoting its alcohol sales and tobacco usage is very harmful to the overall growth and health of the society. Good business conducts and practices of Metcash This brand has also been getting awards consistently on its good packaging practices. The quality of the packaging has been lauded to be pretty good. The company is also a principal signatory of the Australian Packaging Covenant (Ahmed 2009). That marks the company to strictly adhering to its good packaging practices. The company signed the deal promising to supply packaging which is healthy for the customers yet environmental friendly when disposed of as garbage. The company promotes the use of GE-free products in its retail lineup. The company has been using the GE free products before any company in the entire industry. The company believes in the goodness of the GE free products in edible items. The company bagged the Packaging Award of 2015 for the healthiest and safest packaging in all of their products. The company policy of Genetically Modified crops or products is quite satisfactory (Clow and Baack 2004). The companies commitment to the cause of the environment is also well known. Criticism and causes of concern for Metcash The company must embark on a strategy of sustainable progress and development. The company cannot succeed in the long term without implementing the policies of the sustainable business. The aspects of the business which make the industry comment on the negative aspects of Metcashs business practices are related to gaming. The causes of significant revenue for the company apparently come from the gambling industry. The company relies heavily on its gambling trade for its generation of major revenue annually. The trade is a major hit among the countries citizens. But the trade heavily drains out money from the pockets of the poor and middle class. The company owned and operated major casinos all over Australia. The citizens must not only be discouraged from gambling, but these broad casinos must be closed urgently (Revenue 2005). The downfall of the economy can be attributed by some to gambling and massive spending. The company also accounts for almost major tobacco trade. The company has been tremendously criticized for its direct involvement in tobacco and alcohol promotion. The company portrays the image of alcoholism and gambling along with smoking tobacco as a positive aspect of this culture, except that in reality it's not. The company is involved in the grocery. The company sources its palm oil from unreliable and uncertified sources. The palm oil cultivations in Indonesia and Java, Sumatra are done by burning forest tracts and cultivating on them. The lungs of South Asia, which are the tropical rainforests of these countries suck out significant carbon dioxide and greenhouse gasses (Jope 2012). The clearing of these forests for the cultivation of palm trees is harmful to the environment. Moreover, where palm trees are planted, the soil is rendered ineffective for any advancement in future times. The company must stop these unsustainable business practices at the earliest or must face destruction (Saharjo et al. 2006). The company cannot survive with all these negative criticism in the long run. The company must embark on the strategies of free trade and must promote competitive behavior among its contemporaries. It is high time, the company is made to realize this, and amend on its mistakes or it may suffer massive losses regarding the brand value and public perception. References Ahmed, A. (2009). Good manufacturing practices.ISBT Science Series, 4(1), pp.6-10. AÃ…Â ¾man, S. and GomiÄ ek, B. (2012). Asymmetric and Nonlinear Impact of Attribute-Level Performance on Overall Customer Satisfaction in the Context of Car Servicing of Four European Automotive Brands in Slovenia.Organizacija, 45(2). Clow, K. and Baack, D. (2004).Integrated advertising, promotion marketing communications. Upper Saddle River, N.J.: Pearson Prentice Hall. 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